Math and Jupyter Commands

Statistics
A tutorial on latex commands for math and jupyter
Published

April 17, 2021

Here in this notebook, we will be looking into “how to write math equations in jupyter notebook”. The reason for writing this notebook is, I want to have all these instructions at once instaed of wrangling around different websites

Lets start with math equation

The math equation cell needs to be in Markdown mode

$ = {0} + {j=1} ^{p} X_{j}_{j} $

$ \hat{y} = \hat{\beta}_{0} + \sum \limits_{j=1} ^{p} X_{j}\hat{\beta}_{j} $

other math notations

- $ : All the Math you want to write in the markdown should be inside opening and closing $ symbol in order to be processed as Math.
- \beta : Creates the symbol beta
- \hat{} : A hat is covered over anything inside the curly braces of \hat{}. E.g. in \hat{Y} hat is created over Y and in \hat{\beta}_{0},  hat is shown over beta
- _{} : Creates as subscript, anything inside the curly braces after _. E.g. \hat{\beta}_{0} will create beta with a hat and give it a subscript of 0.
- ^{} : (Similar to subscript) Creates as superscript, anything inside the curly braces after ^.
- \sum : Creates the summation symbol
- \limits _{} ^{} : Creates lower and upper limit for the \sum using the subscript and superscript notation.
- *** : Creates horizontal line
-   : Creates space. (Ref: Space in ‘markdown’ cell of Jupyter Notebook)
- \gamma : Creates gamma symbol
- \displaystyle : Forces display mode (BONUS 3 above). (Ref: Display style in Math mode)
- \frac{}{} : Creates fraction with two curly braces from numerator and denominator.
- <br> : Creates line breaks
- \Bigg : Helps create parenthesis of big sizes. (Ref: Brackets and Parentheses)
- \partial : Creates partial derivatives symbol
- \underset() : To write under a text. E.g. gamma under arg min, instead of a subscript. In the algorithm you’ll see both types.
- \in : Creates belongs to symbol which is heavily used in set theory.

We can write Math inside two $$ as well. The difference is inline mode vs display mode. “Inline mode is for math that is included within a line or paragraph of text, and display mode is for math that is set apart from the main text.””

$$f'(a) = \lim_{x \to a} \frac{f(x) - f(a)}{x-a}$$

\[f'(a) = \lim_{x \to a} \frac{f(x) - f(a)}{x-a}\]

Latex

Common symbols
Show code 
from IPython.display import Image
Image(filename="/my_icons/latex/latex_common_symbols_1.png")

Show code 
Image(filename="/my_icons/latex/latex_common_symbols_2.png")

Matrices and Brackets

Create a matrix without brackets:
$$\begin{matrix} a & b \\ c & d \end{matrix}$$

\[\begin{matrix} a & b \\ c & d \end{matrix}\]

Create a matrix with round brackets:
$$\begin{pmatrix} a & b \\ c & d \end{pmatrix}$$

\[\begin{pmatrix} a & b \\ c & d \end{pmatrix}\]

Create a matrix with square brackets:
$$\begin{bmatrix} 1 & 2 & 1 \\ 3 & 0 & 1 \\ 0 & 2 & 4 \end{bmatrix}$$

\[\begin{bmatrix} 1 & 2 & 1 \\ 3 & 0 & 1 \\ 0 & 2 & 4 \end{bmatrix}\]

Use \left and \right to enclose an arbitrary expression in brackets:
$$\left( \frac{p}{q} \right)$$

\[\left( \frac{p}{q} \right)\]

Jupyter Commands

1. Text Commands

*emphasis*, **strong**, 'code'

emphasis, strong,code

<b>This is bold text </b>

** This is bold text

--This is bold text

This is bold text

**This is bold text

__ This is bold text

2. Headings

# H1
## H2
### H3
#### H4
##### H5
###### H6

H1

H2

H3

H4

H5
H6

3. Lists

1. Number theory
2. Algebra
3. Partial differential equations
4. Probability
  1. Number theory
  2. Algebra
  3. Partial differential equations
  4. Probability
Create an unordered list using an asterisk * for each item
* Number theory
* Algebra
* Partial differential equations
* Probability
  • Number theory
  • Algebra
  • Partial differential equations
  • Probability
-   Fish
-   Eggs
-   Cheese
  • Fish
  • Eggs
  • Cheese
<ul>
<li>Fish</li>
<li>Eggs</li>
<li>Cheese</li>
</ul>
  • Fish
  • Eggs
  • Cheese
Use indentation to create nested lists
1. Mathematics
  * Calculus
  * Linear Algebra
  * Probability
2. Physics
  * Classical Mechanics
  * Relativity
  * Thermodynamics
3. Biology
  * Diffusion and Osmosis
  * Homeostasis
  * Immunology
  1. Mathematics
  • Calculus
  • Linear Algebra
  • Probability
  1. Physics
  • Classical Mechanics
  • Relativity
  • Thermodynamics
  1. Biology
  • Diffusion and Osmosis
  • Homeostasis
  • Immunology

4. Tables

| Python Operator | Description  |
| :---: | :---: |
| `+` | addition |
| `-` | subtraction |
| `*` | multiplication |
| `/` | division |
| `**` | power |
Python Operator Description
+ addition
- subtraction
* multiplication
/ division
** power
Show code 
#### 5. Links
#```
#[description](url)
#```
#[[UBC Math](http://www.math.ubc.ca)]
Show code 
#### 6. Images
#```
#![description](url)
#```
#![preview](./my_icons/fastai_logo.png)

References

  1. https://medium.com/analytics-vidhya/writing-math-equations-in-jupyter-notebook-a-naive-introduction-a5ce87b9a214
  2. https://www.math.ubc.ca/~pwalls/math-python/jupyter/latex/
  3. https://www.datacamp.com/community/tutorials/markdown-in-jupyter-notebook